
From Ore to AI: How India and Australia Are Building a New Economic Corridor For decades, the India–Australia economic relationship was easy to describe. Australia supplied resources. India supplied services, students, professionals and a rapidly expanding consumer market. That description is now becoming too small. A more complicated economic corridor is taking shape—one that connects Australian minerals and energy resources with Indian manufacturing, technology, clean-energy ambitions and research. The transformation is being supported by the Australia–India Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (ECTA), which entered into force on 29 December 2022, while negotiations continue for a more comprehensive Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA). Australian government data puts two-way trade in goods and services at A$50.2 billion in calendar 2025, while DFAT’s FY2024–25 measure puts it at A$54.4 billion. The interesting part is not simply that trade is growing. It is what the two countries increasingly want to trade and build together. ECTA Was the Beginning, Not the Finish Line ECTA was designed as an initial step toward a broader trade relationship. Under the agreement, more than 90 per cent of Australian goods exports by value to India will have tariffs eliminated or reduced, while Australian government guidance says more than 85
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